• Don’t introduce time-outs too soon. Only introduce time-outs to very young children when necessary. Time-outs can create fear and anxiety in very young children, so you should always reinforce connection rather than separation.

• Do not use time-outs to punish. A time-out should not be a punishment, but instead a time to pause. This is a time for your child to to slow down, breathe, and think about his actions.

• Be clear and concise. Using as few words as possible, say something like, “No hitting. Hitting hurts. Time-out. This is a quiet time for you to calm down and think.”

• Stay close to your child. Be able to monitor him closely during time-outs.

• Keep time-outs short. Time-outs should be brief, usually lasting no more than five minutes.

• Welcome your child back after he gains composure. Redirect him to a positive situation. “Hi Brandon! Glad you’re back. Now let’s play Lego™.”